Journal of Infectious Diseases and Research (ISSN: 2688-6537)
Special Issue Article
Epidemiological Profile of Measles Rash in the City of Greater Conakry (Republic of Guinea)
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Introduction: Measles and rubella are highly contagious viral infections for witcheries no effective antiviral treatment.
Objective: To contribute to surveillance efforts as part of the elimination of measles and rubella in Guinea.
Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive, and analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted over a ten-month period from 1 January to 1 November 2024. The Euroimmun IgM measles ELISA kit was used to test for anti-measles and anti-rubella immunoglobulin M. Results: Out of 300 samples suspected of measles and rubella, females were the most affected with a prevalence of 25.33% compared to 22.67% for males for measles, with a sex ratio of 1.03 in favor of females. Unlike rubella, both females and males were affected equally, with a prevalence of 1.28% each. The 0-10 age group was the most affected, with a prevalence of 47.33% for measles. In the same age group, the prevalence of rubella was 2.57%. Of the 144 samples that tested positive for anti-measles IgM, representing a prevalence of 48%, four of the 156 samples that tested negative for measles tested positive for anti-rubella IgM, representing a prevalence of 2.57%. Among vaccinated individuals, out of 53 patients, 12 tested positive, 3 were in determinate and 39 tested negatives for measles virus immunoglobulin M, representing 22.64%, 73.58% and 5.66% respectively. Patients from the Matoto district were the most affected by measles, with a prevalence of 12.34%, followed by those from Ratoma with 11.33%. However, the municipality of Coyah was the most affected by rubella, with a prevalence of 1.92%, followed by Ratoma with 0.64%. 48% of patients had anti-measles immunoglobulin M, and of the 156 patients suspected of having measles who tested negative, only 4 samples tested positive for anti-rubella IgM, or 2.57%. In our study, we note that out of 300 samples suspected of measles, 18% had been vaccinated, 51% had not been vaccinated, and 31% had unknown vaccination status.
Conclusion: Measles and rubella are a public health problem in Guinea, and management requires monitoring of IgM and IgG.
Keywords: Epidemiological profile, Measles, Rubella, Conakry
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