Roy is trained as a consultant neurologist and accredited sleep physician, in addition to working within legal medicine, military medicine and aviation medicine. His qualifications include: MBBS, MD, FRACP, FRACGP, Grad. Dip. Tertiary Ed., Grad. Dip. Further Ed., FAFPHM, FACLM, FRCP, FAAN, FACBS, B Leg. S, MHL and FFFLM (Hon). He is a Conjoint Professor of Medicine at the University of New South Wales and Professor in the School of Medicine at Griffith University, Queensland. He is: a founding Fellow of the Australasian College of Legal Medicine; a Past President of the College, having stepped down in 2011; is the Australian Governor and was on the executive of the Board of Governors of the World Association for Medical Law (WAML); and is an Honorary Fellow of the Faculty of Forensic & Legal Medicine of the Royal College of Physicians (London). In Neurology, he is: a Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians; a Corresponding Fellow of the American Academy of Neurologists; and a Member of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Neurologists. He was an officer in the Royal Australian Navy Reserve (holding the rank of Commander) and was awarded membership of general division of the Order of Australia, in 2015.

He pioneered the conduct of clinical trials and undertaking research within the private practice environment, having been principal author in publications which included leading academic/tertiary referral institutions. He has published in excess of 300 papers, book chapters and letters to the editor, presented in excess of 360 papers at national and international meetings and written or edited 15 books including Legal and Forensic Medicine and is on numerous editorial boards including being the editor in chief of the international journal, Medicine and Law, for the WAML.