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Background: Urology malignancy is still one of the
concerning health problems due to high incidence and morbidity.
Objective: The aim of this study was to reveal the
profile and risk factors of several urology malignancies.
Methodology: We reviewed several published journal of
urology malignancy such as bladder cancer, prostate cancer, kidney cancer,
testicular cancer and penile cancer in which the cancer data were collected
form medical records in Arifin Achmad Hospital, Riau, Indonesia for several
different years.
Results: There were 103 prostate cancers in which 61
(59.2%) were locally advanced stage and 42 (40.8%) were advanced stage from
January 2010 to December 2016. There were 70 bladder cancers in which 46 (57%)
were advanced stage and 42 (43%) were superficial stage from January 2011 to
December 2015. There were 18 kidney cancers from January 2013 to December 2017.
There were 15 testicular cancers in which 9 (60%) were advanced stage and 6
(40%) were early stage from January 2009 to December 2014. There were 35 penile
cancers from January 2011 to December 2016. We found high incidence of advanced
prostate cancers with high ages, high abnormality in digital rectal
examination, high prostate volumes with TRUS, high PSA levels, high poorly
differentiated adenocarcinomas, high Gleason Scores, high metastasis in bone
scans and high treatment with Androgen Deprivative Therapy. We found there were
19 (18.5%) prostate cancers in prostate enlargement patients with normal DRE
and PSA findings as the prediction. We found well responses of clinical
symptoms and PSA follow up in advanced stage prostate cancer patients in one
year managed by hormonal therapy. Bladder cancer is common after prostate
cancer and most likely affects male elderly more than women elderly.
Radiotherapy is effective against bladder cancer given that it is compatible
with the stage of cancer. There were 13 kidney cancer (renal cell carcinoma)
patients, consisting of 53.85% males and 46.15% females. Recurrences and
distant metastases were not found after one year of radical nephrectomy in
advanced kidney cancer patients. Penile cancer in our hospital is characterized
by elderly age, half of the patients were Bataknese, location was penile shaft,
clinical symptom was lump on the penile, squamous cell carcinoma in histopathology,
grade G1 of primary tumor, stage II, chest X-ray and abdominal ultrasound as
radiological examination and manage by total penectomy. Risks factors of renal
cell carcinoma patients in our hospital were Pekanbaru city origin, Malay
tribe, smoking history, non-obesity and hypertension. Risks factors of testicular
cancer patients in our hospital were Pekanbaru city origin, Malay tribe,
smoking history, history of cryptorchidism, family history and a history of
testicular cancer. Risks factors of penile cancer patients in our hospital were
Pekanbaru city origin, Batak tribe, smoking history and not circumcised.
Conclusion: We found high incidence and several risk
factors of several urology malignancies and we plan to study in depth
pathobiology for understanding the correlation between the tribes and the urology
malignancies.
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